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$A$ is being projected on a plane, the result is $A_{proj}$, from "Parameterbasierte Texturgenerierung und echtzeitfähiges Rendering von nassen und trockenen Straßenoberflächen in kamerabasierten ADAS Tests", Tim Lobner" />

Now there is one thing to consider: $E$ is measured with regards to a surface $A$ that is perpendicular to the light direction (in other words, the normal of the surface is parallel to the light direction). Therefore we project $A$ onto a plane that fulfills this requirement. If the angle between the surface normal and the light direction is $\theta$, then our projected surface $A_{proj}$ is calculated thus: $A_{proj} = \frac{A}{\cos\theta}$

Now there is one thing to consider: $E$ is measured with regards to a surface $A$ that is perpendicular to the light direction (in other words, the normal of the surface is parallel to the light direction). Therefore we project $A$ onto a plane that fulfills this requirement. If the angle between the surface normal and the light direction is $\theta$, then our projected surface $A_{proj}$ is calculated thus: $$A_{proj} = \frac{A}{\cos\theta}$$

Now there is one thing to consider: $E$ is measured with regards to a surface $A$ that is perpendicular to the light direction (in other words, the normal of the surface is parallel to the light direction). Therefore we project $A$ onto a plane that fulfills this requirement. If the angle between the surface normal and the light direction is $\theta$, then our projected surface $A_{proj}$ is calculated thus: $$A_{proj} = \frac{A}{\cos\theta}$$

Now there is one thing to consider: $E$ is measured with regards to a surface $A$ that is perpendicular to the light direction (in other words, the normal of the surface is parallel to the light direction). Therefore we project $A$ onto a plane that fulfills this requirement. If the angle between the surface normal and the light direction is $\theta$, then our projected surface $A_{proj}$ is calculated thus: $A_{proj} = \frac{A}{\cos\theta}$