Questions tagged [pathtracing]
For questions about the path tracing Monte Carlo algorithm for physically accurate global illumination, or its variants.
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16 views
Subpath connection in Bidirectional Path Tracing for subpaths consisting of a single vertex
Consider the PBRT implementation of the subpath connection in bidirectional path tracing for the strategy with a single camera vertex, as described here: http://www.pbr-book.org/3ed-2018/...
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36 views
Distribution of the first vertex on a camera subpath in bidirectional path tracing
Suppose we are sampling camera rays of a perspective camera with a finite aperture. The PBRT implementation of the sampling scheme looks like this:
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23 views
Computing probabilties when connecting a camera subpath to a single light point
I'm struggling to understand how the connection step in bidirectional path tracing for the strategy with a single light vertex has to be implemented. The following code essentially shows the PBRT ...
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39 views
Chart swaps and path inversion in bidirectional path tracing
I've got a hard time to understand how we would implement the following in practice. I'd be great if someone could explain the details for the example below.
Assume we're generating a path ${\rm x}=(\...
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23 views
Inverse path sampling in (bidirectional) path tracing
In Section 4.1 of the paper Fusing State Spaces for Markov Chain Monte Carlo Rendering, it is described that the CDF $P$ of the distribution of paths of length $k\in\mathbb N$ may be factored into a ...
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15 views
Computing inverses in Reversible-Jump Metropolis Light Transport
Say we are sampling a path $\rm x=(\rm x_0,\ldots,\rm x_{n-1})$ of length $n-1$ using bidirectional path tracing. Let $p_s$ denote the area product density corresponding to the used connection ...
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1answer
45 views
In bidirectional path tracing, is a camera subpath with $n$ vertices determined by a fixed number of random numbers?
In the Multiplexed Metropolis Light Transport implementation of the book Physically Based Rendering, the proposal samples are generated by the Primary Sample Space Sampler ...
3
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1answer
47 views
Intrepret path/light tracing by rewriting light transport equation
Given the rendering equation:
$$
L_o(x, \theta_o) = L_e(x, \theta_o) + \int_{\Omega} \! f(x,\theta_i,\theta_o) L_i(x,\theta_i) \cos(\theta_i, \theta_o) \, \mathrm{d} \theta_i.
$$
Rewriting it using ...
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1answer
135 views
What is a “light source” in global illumination?
In the context of global illumination and the scattering equation, do we need to understand "light sources" as surfaces with a "purely emissive" material on which no scattering is present?
In ...
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40 views
Implementation of the Primary Sample Space Sampler in the book Primary Sample Space Sampler
In the Multiplexed Metropolis Light Transport implementation of the book Physically Based Rendering, the proposal samples are generated by the Primary Sample Space Sampler ...
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1answer
45 views
Trouble making path tracer multithreaded, read access violation
I'm trying to make the path tracer shown in the Ray Tracing in One Weekend series multithreaded.
Here's the starting of my main function:
...
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1answer
72 views
Should ray throughput always decrease when bouncing?
In the accepted answer for the question What is Importance Sampling?, in the example code there is this line:
...
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48 views
Importance Sampling path tracer, Different pdfs result in different luminance?
I'm having a lot of trouble implementing Importance Sampling path tracer.
If I understand it correctly, what I need to evaluate for a path tracer is this:
$\int_\Omega L_{in}(L) * fr(L, V) * \cos(\...
2
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1answer
125 views
Why is Russian Roulette used in ray tracing?
Why should we use Russian Roulette? Does it reduce ray tracing artifacts?
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1answer
94 views
Multiple samples per pixel and texture blurring
As far as I know path tracers (or super-sampling antialiasing) typically calculate the final color of a single pixel by averaging the result of all samples taken inside that pixel. This gives a nice ...
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48 views
Path tracing: How to do tone mapping and gamma correction?
I am not sure what is the correct way to do tone mapping and gamma correction in a Monte-Carlo Path Tracer. Should I apply tone mapping before or after averaging the samples?
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36 views
Questions in Veach path-space formulation
http://graphics.stanford.edu/papers/veach_thesis/chapter8.ps
In chapter 8 of his thesis which he talks about the three-point form of the transport equations, equation (8.1) in particular, it seems ...
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31 views
Factorize probability densities in Bidirectional Path Tracing
Say we have fixed a length $k$ for paths we want to sample using bidirectional path tracing as described in the Physically Based Rendering book. Let $q_{s,\:t}$ denote the probability density of ...
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63 views
Why does the reflected component in Lambertian path tracing get multiplied by a factor of 2?
I would like to intuitively understand the Path Tracing equation/formula/pseudocode, but I'm not fully getting the last return statement.
As per Wikipedia page:
<...
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1answer
88 views
Strange artifacts while rendering a dielectric material
I am trying to render a dielectric sphere inside the Cornell Box. Some circles are generated on the sphere. Here is the photo generated by path tracer:
And below is my main function:
...
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25 views
Report standard deviation in Rendering results
I noticed that a common metrics for image quality assessment (Monte Carlo path tracing) is MSE between the generated image and a reference one. My question is: why isn't the standard deviation ever ...
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62 views
Multiple Importance Sampling in Bidirectional Path Tracing
I'm trying to understand the computation of the path density described in the book Physically Based Rendering. They assume that a path $$x=(x_0,\ldots,x_{n-1})=(q_0,\ldots,q_{s-1},p_{t-1},\ldots,p_0)$$...
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33 views
Probability of choosing the current strategy in the pbrt implementation of Multiplexed Metropolis Light Transport
In the description of the Multiplexed Metropolis Light Transport implementation of pbrt it is claimed that
"the inverse probability of choosing the current strategy $(s,t)$
[...] is equal to <...
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25 views
Image contribution function and reconstruction using filters
So I've been reading Physicall Based Rendering which in section 16.4.3 defines the "image contribution function" to be the following
$$I_j = \int_\Omega h_j(X)L(X)d\Omega$$
where the variables are ...
4
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119 views
Proper way of consuming stratified samples in path/ray tracing
I'm working on a (toy-level) path/ray-tracer, currently trying to implement (and understand) improved sampling strategies.
The obvious next choice after uniform random sampling would be stratified/...
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101 views
The termination probability of Russian roulette in PBRT
As described in PBRT 14.5, the path tracer stops bouncing rays at a probability q, which is determined by the throughput of the path.
...
4
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1answer
114 views
Rendering equation in terms of paths rather than directions
Path tracing seems to perform Monte Carlo integration where the space being integrated over is the space of paths (e.g. chains of rays) but the rendering equation is stated in terms of outgoing rays. ...
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43 views
Where to find BRDF textures
I've read about measured BDRFs and models like cook-torrance have parameters that need to be set. It isn't hard to imagine that these parameters and the measured properties would vary from point to ...
2
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1answer
85 views
Offline path tracer produces a darker image than expected
I've been going though Peter Shirley's beginner raytracing books. Upon building the Cornell box and rendering an image, I get a much darker / dimmer image than expected.
The color values are ...
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41 views
Path tracing best materials to learn
i want some of your advices. To begin with i ve never studied computer graphics and i want to do a project with Path tracing which i didnt find the right materials to begin with. Is it recomeneded to ...
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25 views
How to calculate rotational irradiance gradient vector?
I am reading the irradiance gradient on Greg Ward Radiance book and also this web page:
Quoting from this web page:
For normalized spherical coordinates the gradient is:
The irradiance ...
3
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0answers
145 views
Can I use Path tracing together with Ray Marching?
So I'm trying to render participating media like clouds/sky/fog (Sky is the first step) etc. I had already implemented a normal pathtracer and I was thinking of extending it. But I heard terms like ...
2
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1answer
70 views
How does Next Event Estimation work with transformed lights?
I am relatively new to path tracing, and I am trying to implement next event estimation. I am following the Monte Carlo integral used to compute the direct illumination from an area light:
$$\frac{1}{...
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127 views
Learning light transport using Q-Learning
I am trying to reproduce the results obtained by Dahm et al. in the paper Learning Light Transport the Reinforced Way.
This method takes advantage of the similarity between the Bellman equation (Q-...
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1answer
159 views
smallpt: ray scattering and Importance Sampling
Introduction
For those familiar with smallpt by Kevin Beason:
In path tracing, when rays hit a surface, they are scattered and the theta angle (the angle between the normal to the surface and the ...
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103 views
Should I expect differences with explicit light sampling other that the noise?
I am trying to understand why my explicit light sampling implemetation does not produce the same results as my naive path tracer. Here are my results :
Naive Version :
Explicit light sampling ...
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1answer
99 views
smallpt: when to stop diffuse ray scattering
For those familiar with smallpt, the ray tracer in 99 lines: I am checking the code, and there is something that is not clear to me in the DIFFUSE ray scattering.
After the rays are shot, they keep ...
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166 views
Where do “fireflies” come from?
I'm using a renderer developed by other people, and I found there are fireflies. It is strange that in a completely diffuse scene, there are still fireflies presented.
To my understanding, I think it ...
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128 views
Path tracing - Better images without Gamma correction?
So I read about tonemapping and Gamma Correction recently and have implemented it in my path tracer.
For the time being I'm using Reinhard tonemapping operator as described in his paper
$L_d = L_w *...
3
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0answers
220 views
How to implement explicit light sampling when implementing path tracing?
I implemented a path tracer and got a similar result like this one.
Sample: 4096, time used: 537.05s
The algorithm is exactly the same as the one in wikipedia, where only the Gathering Path is ...
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2answers
220 views
How to set equivalent PDFs for cosine-weighted and uniform-sampled hemispheres?
I'm trying to add BRDFs to a very basic path tracer. Starting out, I'd like to convert just the Lambertian material, with two different sampling methods, to ensure that everything is working right. ...
2
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1answer
222 views
Naive Path tracer produces much darker images than Explicit light sampling
So I just thought of comparing the results from a Naive Path tracer and one using Next Event Estimation aka Explicit Direct Light Sampling. However the results from the Naive PT are very dark.
Is ...
5
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2answers
878 views
Multiple Importance Sampling in Path tracer produces Dark Images
So I recently implemented Multiple Importance Sampling in my path tracer which was based on next event estimation.
The problem is without MIS I get images like,
This is obtained by setting
...
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1answer
144 views
total internal reflection implementation in pbrt-v3
I've been implementing a path tracer, referring pbrt-v3. However, I'm a bit confused about its implementation. Code is here.
It seems when we sample to do transmission, it tests if it meets a total ...
4
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1answer
217 views
High variance in path tracing specular objects
I'm testing my path tracer for specular surfaces. Images rendered with my own code have very noisy appearance, and I think they look like variance.
I use point light and the bunny is of mirror ...
4
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0answers
49 views
Does MRG32k3a compare well with PCG and Xorshift256*?
I've been using standard 32-bit Xorshift in my GPU path-tracer for a while, following Nathan Reed's approach with hashed seeds and decorrelated state. I (finally) discovered today that Xorshift is ...
2
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1answer
88 views
How to handle GUI in a path traced renderer?
This isn't a pure CG question but it's more of a programming one related to CG.
The main problem that occurs is both the GUI and the rendered scene need to be drawn regularly by swapping buffers. If ...
2
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1answer
110 views
How do we approximate the integral of the measurement contribution function in Metropolis Light Transport?
In Metropolis Light Transport, we need to approximate the integral of the measurement contribution function. I've read that this can be done using a traditional approach like path tracing. However, ...
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1answer
204 views
How does Primary Sample Space Metropolis Light Transport work?
For simplicity, assume we're only dealing with surfaces which have either a Lambertian or perfectly specular material. Morever, assume that the only type of lights are area lights (i.e. surfaces with ...
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1answer
203 views
Path tracer isn't converging
So I just completed a naive path tracer that uses explicit direct light sampling.
Problem is the path tracer isn't converging. It's like a raytracer, showing a single image on each pass. More info on ...
